When FDR fake office in January 1933, the American system of democratic capitalist economy faced a crisis of monumental proportions. Economic distress and affable unrest were widespread. Since the stock market crash of October 1929, the value of frequent stocks had declined from $89 billion to $15 billion; between 1929 and 1932 gross national product declined in constant 1928 dollars from $197.1 billion to $143 billion; real siding neglect 29 per centum, total gross investment deplorable from 15 percent of GNP to one percent; outgo dropped by more than one third; farm prices fell appreciably after declining in the 1920s; unemployment increased from 3.2 percent in 1929 to 21-25 percent in 1933; and about 13 zillion Americans were officially out of work (Atack & Passell 583; Galbraith 96-97; and Watkins 55). Leuchtenburg said "no time-consuming did America seem a land bright with foretell" (28).
The Hoover administration had lost credibility because it "opposed deficit-financed expenditures and cushy monetary policies" (Ferguson 13). The first priority of the new administration was to situate the confidence of Americans in themselves and the economy and to instill hope. As Gol
Galbraith, John K. The Affluent Society. Boston: Houghton
American History from Colonial Times to 1940. New York: W. W.
the New Deal." The modernize and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-
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