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Tutorial Sheet 2 for CS3246 Digital Multimedia and Compression
1. What is the histogram of an consider? Given a monochrome 4-bit fig, describe how you would extract the histogram. bet the mean and touchstone deviation of an image. Explain what does it mean if the standard deviation of an image is high? Is this interpretation reliable? How to beat this problem of unreliable interpretation?

2. For spatial filtering using a 2-D mask, describe how do you handle the case when the mask is at the edge of an image?

3. The probability distribution of four alphabets, A, B, C and D, is the same as the quest alphabet sequences: BABCAAA BBBAABCCD BBCCBBA AAABCBB a) Design the Huffman codes to convert the above alphabets to achieve optimal bit rate. What is the average nest egg in code size when using the Huffman code as comp ard to fixed size codes? b) Write down the coded representation of the following alphabet sequence. ABCDDB

4. Suppose there is a source, which has two attributes in the alphabet A and B. The probabilities of the occurrence of these symbols are: p(A)=0.1 and p(B)=0.9. a) What is the fall of bits per symbol and what is the entropy? b) Now suppose that instead of coding separately symbol at a time, two consecutive symbols are coded in a combined fashion using Huffman coding.



What is the number of bits per symbol used and what is the entropy? c) Comment on the results obtained.

5. LZW charge up compression algorithm is used in GIF to perform image compression. a) Outline the essential components of LZW algorithm using a in brief pseudo codes, and explain how LZW achieves the compression. b) Given two images of identical confine but rotated by 90o as shown in go for 1. Would the size of the LZW-compressed versions of these two images the same? If not, which is larger and explain wherefore there is a difference?

Figure 1(a)

Figure 1(b)

6. virtuoso of the popular image format, GIF, uses essentially RLE and LZW for compression. Comment on what types of images...If you urgency to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com



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